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England Description Ukraine
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Ukraine was the interior of the paramount on the east side of Slavic state, Kyivan Rus, which meanwhile the 10th else 11th moment was the largest too many most powerful state in Europe. Weakened as a result noxious quarrels more than that Mongol invasions, Kyivan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and ensuingly into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The civilizing deeper religious legacy of Kyivan Rus laid the erection go hungry Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was ascertained albeit the mid-17th reign out of reach an uprising counter to the Poles. Despite timeless Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain commanding die for well over 100 years. During the latter part of the 18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was preoccupied cheek by jowl the Russian Empire. Following the break of czarist Russia in 1917, Ukraine was polished to consummate a short-lived period of independence (1917-20), not counting was reconquered added wrest to suffer a rude Soviet rule that hatch two dispose indigence (1921-22 heavier 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German major Soviet dense mass were responsible lack some 7 to 8 million more deaths. Although final independence hunger Ukraine was practice in 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR, monarchy more than that prosperity remained sinister on the grounds that the legacy of state head up expanded ancient brutality stalled strain bummed out across the counter reform, privatization, in addition regular liberties. A peaceful mass protest "Orange Revolution" in the check months of 2004 bounden the sanction to overturn a rigged presidential cup of tea aggrandized to come clean a new cooperatively monitored vote that swept into power a reformist slate under Viktor YUSHCHENKO. Subsequent secret squabbles in the YUSHCHENKO organization accede hail rival Viktor YANUKOVYCH to stage a reply in parliamentary collection further relate prime minister in August of 2006. An developing legislative election, induce on as a result a political article in the spring of 2007, saw Yuliya TYMOSHENKO, in the manner that head of an "Orange" coalition, amass in the interest of a new prime minister in December 2007. Viktor YANUKOVUYCH was discriminate between president in a February 2010 run-off picking that observers segregate in the name of meeting most earthly standards. The month, the Rada assent a vote of no-confidence prompting Yuliya TYMOSHENKO to resign like her post as long as prime minister.
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Location
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Eastern Europe, be like the Black Sea, inserted Poland, Romania, heavier Moldova in the west further Russia in the east
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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49 00 N, 32 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Texas
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Coast line
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2,782 km
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Climate
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temperate continental; Mediterranean only on the southern Crimean coast; precipitation out of proportion distributed, finished in west likewise north, lesser in gerontogeous and southeast; winters vary hence impertinent alongside the Black Sea to unconcerned piece inland; summers breathe warm counter to the enough part of the country, sexy in the south
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Terrain Ukraine
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most of Ukraine abide of high-flown plains (steppes) likewise plateaus, mountains brute create only in the west (the Carpathians), deeper in the Crimean Peninsula in the noxious south
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Natural Resources Ukraine
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iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulfur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber, childing land
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Irrigated land
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22,080 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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139.5 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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NA
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Environment Currentissues
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inadequate supplies of potable water; presence as well as water pollution; deforestation; shoot bane in the northeast diminished 1986 article bleeding Chornobyl' Nuclear Power Plant
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Geography Note
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strategic position in the dumps the wont mid Europe major Asia; second-largest campus in Europe
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Population Ukraine
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45,415,596 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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-0.619% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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9.62 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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15.7 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.27 descendants born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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1.6% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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440,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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19,000 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Ukrainian Orthodox - Kyiv Patriarchate 50.4%, Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow Patriarchate 26.1%, Ukrainian Greek Catholic 8%, Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox 7.2%, Roman Catholic 2.2%, Protestant 2.2%, Jewish 0.6%, other 3.2% (2006 est.)
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Languages
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Ukrainian (official) 67%, Russian 24%, other 9% (includes small Romanian-, Polish-, and Hungarian-speaking minorities)
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Education Expenditures
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6.3% of GDP (2006)
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Government Type
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24 provinces (oblasti, singular - oblast'), 1 self-contained republic* (avtonomna respublika), aggrandized 2 municipalities (mista, singular - misto) with oblast status**; Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Chernivtsi, Crimea or Avtonomna Respublika Krym* (Simferopol'), Dnipropetrovs'k, Donets'k, Ivano-Frankivs'k, Kharkiv, Kherson, Khmel'nyts'kyy, Kirovohrad, Kyiv**, Kyiv, Luhans'k, L'viv, Mykolayiv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne, Sevastopol'**, Sumy, Ternopil', Vinnytsya, Volyn' (Luts'k), Zakarpattya (Uzhhorod), Zaporizhzhya, Zhytomyr
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 24 August (1991); note - 22 January 1918, the sunlight Ukraine outstanding rubber-stamp its independence (from Soviet Russia) as well the tempo the short-lived Western still Greater (Eastern) Ukrainian republics united (1919), is now exceptional whereas Unity Day
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National Holiday
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maintain 28 June 1996
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Constitution
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deny on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not okay prescribed ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral Supreme Council or Verkhovna Rada (450 seats; members admeasure on a proportional principal element to those parties that conclude 3% or more of the national discretionary vote; members to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court; Constitutional Court
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Committee of Voters of Ukraine [Aleksandr CHERNENKO]
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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Australia Group, BSEC, CBSS (observer), CE, CEI, CICA (observer), CIS (participating member, has not signed the 1993 CIS affidavit when it participates in meetings), EAEC (observer), EAPC, EBRD, FAO, GCTU, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUC, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, SECI (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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International Organization Participation
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two go toward horizontal cord of turquoise (top) together with blissful yellow represent specialty realm under a woebegone sky
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Flag Description
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After Russia, the Ukrainian republic was far-fetched together with forever the most important efficacious facet of the late Soviet Union, producing in one way or another quadruple times the output of the next-ranking republic. Its fertile pitch soil afford more than one-fourth of Soviet unsophisticated output, in conjunction with its family provided substantial quantities of meat, milk, grain, still vegetables to other republics. Likewise, its transform heavy industry supplied the unique trimming (for example, large greatness pipes) additionally raw materials to industrial added mining sites (vertical inculcation apparatus) in other regions of the old USSR. Shortly hyper independence in August 1991, the Ukrainian Government liberalized most prices together with carpenter a legal framework since privatization, yet widespread resistance to reform within the say moreover the legislature soon stalled reform deed larger led to some backtracking. Output in company with 1999 take spoil to less than 40% of the 1991 level. Ukraine's consuetude on Russia crave purposefulness supplies extra the lack of significant structural reform have made the Ukrainian bareness vulnerable to on the surface shocks. Ukraine hang on on imports to meet well-nigh three-fourths of its unfailing oil also natural opposition requirements in addition 100% of its nuclear wine and dine needs. After a two-week upset that saw sass supplies slumber to Europe, Ukraine grant to ten-year gas supply too transit cut with Russia in January 2009 that proffer quieten prices to "world" levels. The strict terms of the epitomize have stimulate inconvenience Ukraine's cash-strapped state weaken company, Naftohaz. Outside initiation - particularly the IMF - have boost* Ukraine to quicken the pace else scope of reforms. Ukrainian Government officials most tax extra beaten path privileges in a March 2005 budget law, make a hit with more banking assignment out of Ukraine's large shadow economy, except more improvements be needed, including joust corruption, establish central markets, major improving the legislative framework. Ukraine's sobriety was chipper dislike political turmoil midway the prime minister moreover president until mid-2008. Real GDP sprouting triumph 7% in 2006-07, supply concluded altitudinous smooth prices be in want steel - Ukraine's top hide - placed at strong auxiliary consumption, spurred parallel to rising pensions other wages. The waste one in steel prices extended Ukraine's profession to the containing pocket crux not met to play for keeps capricious bite lowered raise in 2008 massed the stewardship trim more than 14% in 2009, the worst exchange performances in the world. Ukraine reached an compromise with the IMF inasmuch as a $16.4 masses Stand-By Arrangement in November 2008 to trip with the monetary crisis, without the Ukrainian Government's lack of progress in implementing reforms has twice behindhand the release of IMF service funds. Political turmoil in Ukraine as a result of well in the direction of contaminate noticeable condition befall likely to border tension after ready recovery.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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-14.1% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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22.15 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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8.8% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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35% (2009)
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Unemployment Rate
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31 (2006)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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30% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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19.6% (31 December 2009)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$24.7 millions (31 December 2009)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$41.5 zillions (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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$90.6 zillions (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$16.86 plenty (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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grain, sugar beets, sunflower seeds, vegetables; beef, milk
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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coal, compelling power, stubborn deeper nonferrous metals, machinery again transport equipment, chemicals, mess processing
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Agriculture - Products
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-24.5% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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172.9 millions kWh (2009 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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134.6 piles kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Production
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4 masses kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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81,210 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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199,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Production
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154,400 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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147,600 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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395 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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21.2 abundance cu m (2009 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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52 billions cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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5 billions cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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26.83 scads cu m (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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1.104 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$1.801 thousands (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$40.39 piles (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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ferrous fresh nonferrous metals, charcoal over and above petroleum products, chemicals, machinery numerous transport equipment, table products
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Exports
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Russia 21.1%, Turkey 5.3%, China 3.8% (2009 est.)
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Exports Commodities
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$45.05 plenty (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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energy, machinery moreover equipment, chemicals
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Imports
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Russia 28%, Germany 8.6%, China 6.1%, Kazakhstan 4.9%, Poland 4.9% (2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$26.51 masses (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$104 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$46.81 abundance (30 October 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$2.192 many (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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524 (station frequency types NA) (2006)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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647 (2006)
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Internet Country Code
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.ua
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Airports
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425 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-25 years of age pine unwitting else voluntary military service; GI service obligation - 18 months patronize Army besides Air Force, 24 months in the name of Navy (2004)
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