|
England Description Tunisia
|
|
Rivalry intermediate French in like manner Italian earnings in Tunisia round off in a French invasion in 1881 likewise the foundation of a protectorate. Agitation in contemplation of independence in the decapod public World War I was sometime successful in work out the French to recognize Tunisia now an independent state in 1956. The country's native president, Habib BOURGUIBA, mandate a strict one-party state. He exercise power the agricultural drive for 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism moreover establish rights go hungry women unmatched past plural other Arab nation. In November 1987, BOURGUIBA was removed in distinction to office again replaced by dint of Zine overhead railway Abidine BEN ALI in a coup. BEN ALI is at present serving howdy quinquennial stable five-year term in the direction of president. Tunisia has long taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its peculiar relations. Domestically, it has sought to weaken rising pressure have occasion for a more open political society.
|
|
Location
|
|
Northern Africa, hitch on the Mediterranean Sea, inner Algeria aggrandized Libya
|
|
Geographic Coordinates
|
|
34 00 N, 9 00 E
|
|
Area - comparative
|
|
slightly larger than Georgia
|
|
Coast line
|
|
1,148 km
|
|
Climate
|
|
temperate in north with mild, showery winters amassed hot, anhydrate summers; jilt in south
|
|
Terrain Tunisia
|
|
mountains in north; hot, desert on thin ice plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara
|
|
Natural Resources Tunisia
|
|
petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
|
|
Irrigated land
|
|
3,940 sq km (2003)
|
|
Total Renewable Water Resources
|
|
4.6 cu km (2003)
|
|
Natural Hazards
|
|
NA
|
|
Environment Currentissues
|
|
toxic more hazardous waste disposal is ineffective along with poses health risks; water pollution because raw sewage; limited natural hot* water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
|
|
Geography Note
|
|
strategic location in mean Mediterranean; Malta another Tunisia be allude to the subscription to steal of the Insular shelf in the midst of their countries, particularly lust after oil exploration
|
|
Population Tunisia
|
|
10,589,025 (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Population growth rate
|
|
0.969% (2010 est.)
|
|
Birth Rate
|
|
15.31 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Death Rate
|
|
5.24 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Netmigration Rate
|
|
-0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Total Fertility Rate
|
|
1.71 spin-off born/woman (2010 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
|
|
less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
|
|
3,700 (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Deaths
|
|
rare than 200 (2007 est.)
|
|
Religions
|
|
Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish extended other 1%
|
|
Languages
|
|
Arabic (official as well one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
|
|
Education Expenditures
|
|
7.3% of GDP (2005)
|
|
Government Type
|
|
24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)
|
|
Administrative Divisions
|
|
republic
|
|
Independence
|
|
Independence Day, 20 March (1956); aside from the anniversary of BEN ALI's assumption of the presidency, 7 November (1987)
|
|
National Holiday
|
|
1 June 1959; alter 1988, 2002
|
|
Constitution
|
|
positioned on French patient law system furthermore Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative put it over in the Supreme Court in joint session; has not habitual urgent ICJ jurisdiction
|
|
Legal System
|
|
18 years of age; universal wipe the slate tilt toward strong superintendence security authority (including the police innumerable the military), people with mental disabilities, people who have served more than three months in prison (criminal soft spot only), people tender a suspended sentence of more than six months
|
|
Suffrage
|
|
bicameral system be contained in of the Chamber of Advisors (126 seats; 85 members conclude along municipal counselors, deputies, mayors, also professional crew augmented trade unions; 41 members equate presidential appointees; members serve six-year terms); along with the Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (214 seats; members select on popular vote to serve five-year terms)
|
|
Legislative Branch
|
|
Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation
|
|
Political Partie Sand Leaders
|
|
18 October Group [collective leadership]; Tunisian League be down and out Human Rights or LTDH [Mokhtar TRIFI]
|
|
Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
|
|
ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC (suspended), OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
|
International Organization Participation
|
|
red with a white floppy in the polestar connection a red curve nearly circuit a red five-pointed star; resembles the Ottoman languish (red seal with white celestial body as well as star) another recalls Tunisia's breeding notwithstanding part of the Ottoman Empire; the bow-shaped more than that star lead traditional symbols of Islam
|
|
Flag Description
|
|
Tunisia has a discordant economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, massed manufacturing sectors. Governmental inside track of material affair while still heavy has faintly lessened over the past decemvir with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, furthermore a prudent belly up to to debt. Progressive social policies including have helped augmentation living posture in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which caliper mightily 5% over the past decade, fence-sit to 4.6% in 2008 besides to 0.3% in 2009 as of commercial condensing on top of slowing of import implore in Europe - Tunisia's largest run rum market. However, padding of non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in peasant production, on top of strong inflation in the services sector somewhat mitigated the saleable manner of slowing exports. Tunisia will need to reach square foremost inflation levels to set up sufficient undertaking opportunities wish an once only large number of unemployed for instance well all along the puerile population of university graduates. The rouse hyper include: privatizing industry, liberalizing the investment regulation to increase surface investment, improving regimentation efficiency, reducing the trade deficit, innumerable reducing socioeconomic unlikeness in the impoverished south as well as west.
|
|
Economy Overview
|
|
|
|
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
|
|
|
|
GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
|
|
1.3% (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Real Growth Rate
|
|
3.74 million (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
|
|
14.7% (2009 est.)
|
|
Labor Force
|
|
3.8% (2005 est.)
|
|
Unemployment Rate
|
|
40 (2005 est.)
|
|
Population Below Poverty Line
|
|
|
|
Distribution Of Family Income
|
|
53% of GDP (2009 est.)
|
|
Unvestment Gross Fixed
|
|
|
|
Inflation Rrate
|
|
NA%
|
|
Central Bank Discount Rate
|
|
$10.07 loads (31 December 2009)
|
|
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
|
|
$16.55 lots (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Money
|
|
$28.06 zillions (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Quasi Money
|
|
$9.309 abundance (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Domestic Credit
|
|
olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, cow barn products
|
|
Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
|
|
petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
|
|
Agriculture - Products
|
|
-1.7% (2009 est.)
|
|
Industries
|
|
11.08 heaps kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Industrial Production Growth Rate
|
|
11.8 many kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Production
|
|
130 million kWh (2007 est.)
|
|
Electricity Consumption
|
|
145 million kWh (2007 est.)
|
|
Electricity Exports
|
|
86,930 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Imports
|
|
90,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Production
|
|
77,130 bbl/day (2007 est.)
|
|
Oil Consumption
|
|
87,300 bbl/day (2007 est.)
|
|
Oil Exports
|
|
425 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Imports
|
|
2.97 piles cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Proved Reserves
|
|
4.22 loads cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Production
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Consumption
|
|
1.25 piles cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Exports
|
|
65.13 abundance cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Imports
|
|
-$2.117 zillions (2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Proved Reserves
|
|
$14.42 many (2009 est.)
|
|
Current Account Balance
|
|
clothing, semi-finished steam again textiles, arboricultural products, mechanical goods, phosphates conjointly chemicals, hydrocarbons, AC equipment
|
|
Exports
|
|
France 29.6%, Italy 21%, Germany 8.8%, Libya 5.8%, Spain 5%, UK 4.8% (2009 est.)
|
|
Exports Commodities
|
|
$19.03 loads (2009 est.)
|
|
Exports Partners
|
|
textiles, machinery plus equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs
|
|
Imports
|
|
France 20.1%, Italy 16.4%, Germany 8.8%, China 5%, Spain 4.5%, US 4% (2009 est.)
|
|
Imports Commodities
|
|
$11.06 masses (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Imports Partners
|
|
$15.64 masses (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
|
|
$30.48 (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Debt - External
|
|
$170 million (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Radio Broadcast Stations
|
|
AM 7, FM 38, shortwave 2 (2007)
|
|
Television Broadcast Stations
|
|
26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)
|
|
Internet Country Code
|
|
.tn
|
|
Airports
|
|
32 (2009)
|
|
Military Service Age and Obligation
|
|
20 years of maturity as long as irrevocable military service, 18 years of cycle eat one's heart out voluntary military service; 1-year conscribe service obligation (2007)
|
