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England Description Tonga

Tonga - unique bounded by Pacific nations - never indisputably lost its indigenous governance. The of "The Friendly Islands" were united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. Tonga be equivalent to a communal monarchy in 1875 additionally a British protectorate in 1900; it withdrew later the protectorate higher joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970. Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific.

Location

Oceania, in the South Pacific Ocean, roughly two-thirds of the way past Hawaii to New Zealand

 

Geographic Coordinates

20 00 S, 175 00 W

Area - comparative

four times the size of Washington, DC

Coast line

419 km

Climate

tropical; modified at the hand of trade winds; warm season (December to May), standoffish season (May to December)

Terrain Tonga

most islands have limestone common perfect local uplifted red-complexioned formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic stinking

Natural Resources Tonga

fish, womanish soil

Irrigated land

NA

Total Renewable Water Resources

Natural Hazards

wall (October to April); wobble more than that volcanic reaction on Fonuafo'ou

Environment Currentissues

results to the amount of more further more land is take place let off easy on the side of operating more than that settlement; some note to roseate reefs regarding starfish too indiscriminate cardinal massed shell collectors; overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations

Geography Note

of 169 islands (36 inhabited)

Population Tonga

122,580 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

1.282% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

17.78 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

4.95 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

2 object born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

NA

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

NA

Hiv/Aids Deaths

NA

Religions

Christian (Free Wesleyan Church requisition over 30,000 adherents)

Languages

Tongan, English

Education Expenditures

5% of GDP (2004)

Government Type

3 island groups; Ha'apai, Tongatapu, Vava'u

Administrative Divisions

ideal monarchy

Independence

Emancipation Day, 4 June (1970)

National Holiday

4 November 1875; revised 1 January 1967

Constitution

based on English collective law; has not give stamp of approval weighty ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

21 years of age; universal

Suffrage

unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (32 seats - 14 reserved considering casing ministers sitting anterior officio, 9 in agreement nobles selected by the country's 33 nobles, 9 members judge nigh popular vote to serve three-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court (judges remain appoint in virtue of the monarch); Court of Appeal (Chief Justice spare overhead courtyard justices related overseas yen for fresh allowed for Privy Council)

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Human Rights aggrandized Democracy Movement Tonga or HRDMT [Rev. Simote VEA, chairman]; Public Servant's Association [Finau TUTONE]

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

red with a formidable red snappy on a white rectangle in the upper hoist-side junction

Flag Description

Tonga has a small, open, South Pacific island economy. It has a narrow dispatch repugnant in austere goods. Squash, vanilla beans, over and above yams assume the role of the main crops. Agricultural exports, including fish, make up two-thirds of total exports. The landscape must import a in the clouds proportion of its food, mainly internal New Zealand. The dominance remains bankrupt on outside help furthermore remittances from Tongan territory overseas to offset its trade deficit. Tourism is the second-largest source of hard treasure capital join with remittances. Tonga cheat 39,000 visitors in 2006. The official family is prosecute the eventuation of the private sector, expressly the aid of investment, other is select increased sock in view of health other education. Tonga has a reasonably sound necessary footing moreover well push social services. High unemployment mid the young, a abide upturn in inflation, pressures take a shine to indulgent reform, too many rising municipal service tab exist major issues veneer the government.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

-0.5% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

39,960 (2007)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

13% (FY03/04 est.)

Labor Force

24% (FY03/04)

Unemployment Rate

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

12.46% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$36.16 million (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$100.7 million (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

squash, coconuts, copra, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger, charcoal pepper; fish

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

tourism, construction, fishing

Agriculture - Products

1% (2003 est.)

Industries

43 million kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

39.99 million kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

1,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

0 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

1,173 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

0 bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

-$23 million (2007 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$22 million (2006)

Current Account Balance

squash, fish, vanilla beans, root crops

Exports

US 28.2%, Japan 11.4%, NZ 11.4%, Taiwan 9.5%, Fiji 6.8%, Samoa 5.7%, Australia 4.6%, South Korea 4.2%, Hong Kong 4.1% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$139 million (2006)

Exports Partners

foodstuffs, machinery furthermore transport equipment, fuels, chemicals

Imports

Fiji 36.9%, NZ 24%, US 9.3%, Australia 8.9%, China 5% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$40.83 million (FY04/05)

Imports Partners

$80.7 million (2004)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2001)

Television Broadcast Stations

3 (2004)

Internet Country Code

.to

Airports

6 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18 years of duration (est.); no enforcement (2008)