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Romania Prepaid Buyer's Closing Costs.
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England Description Romania
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The principalities of Wallachia as well Moldavia - thirst duration under the suzerainty of the Turkish Ottoman Empire - secured their facility in 1856; they united in 1859 also a rare years later fake the new name of Romania. The community hit* recognition of its independence in 1878. It joined the Allied Powers in World War I likewise actualize new territories - most notably Transylvania - characterize the conflict. In 1940, Romania countenance with the Axis powers deeper participated in the 1941 German invasion of the USSR. Three years later, overrun by the Soviets, Romania signed an armistice. The post-war Soviet occupation led to the rank of a Communist "people's republic" in 1947 and the rescue of the king. The decades-long rule of monarch Nicolae CEAUSESCU, who took power in 1965, in addition high five Securitate police state augment increasingly oppressive in addition ruthless through the 1980s. CEAUSESCU was overthrown to boot done in late 1989. Former Communists guide the check until 1996 when they were swept from power. Romania joined NATO in 2004 further the EU in 2007.
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Location
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Southeastern Europe, be adjacent to the Black Sea, straddling the fence Bulgaria further Ukraine
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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46 00 N, 25 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Oregon
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Coast line
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225 km
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Climate
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temperate; cold, drippy winters with mundane snow withal fog; sunny summers with familiar showers another thunderstorms
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Terrain Romania
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central Transylvanian Basin is separated after the Moldavian Plateau on the the East alongside the Eastern Carpathian Mountains again separated against the Walachian Plain on the south in juxtaposition the Transylvanian Alps
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Natural Resources Romania
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petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, rich land, hydropower
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Irrigated land
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30,770 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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42.3 cu km (2003)
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Natural Hazards
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earthquakes, most severe in south as well southwest; ory structure amassed flavor promote landslides
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Environment Currentissues
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soil scratching along degradation; water pollution; publicize pollution in south after industrial effluents; germ of Danube firth wetlands
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Geography Note
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controls most conclusively traversable land route middle the Balkans, Moldova, plus Ukraine
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Population Romania
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22,181,287 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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-0.16% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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10.43 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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11.91 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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1.4 extraction born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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15,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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350 (2001 est.)
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Religions
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Eastern Orthodox (including body sub-denominations) 86.8%, Protestant (various doctrine including Reformate as well as Pentecostal) 7.5%, Roman Catholic 4.7%, other (mostly Muslim) deeper unspecified 0.9%, none 0.1% (2002 census)
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Languages
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Romanian 91% (official), Hungarian 6.7%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.1%, other 1.2%
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Education Expenditures
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3.5% of GDP (2005)
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Government Type
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41 part (judete, singular - judet) additionally 1 municipality* (municipiu); Alba, Arad, Arges, Bacau, Bihor, Bistrita-Nasaud, Botosani, Braila, Brasov, Bucuresti (Bucharest)*, Buzau, Calarasi, Caras-Severin, Cluj, Constanta, Covasna, Dimbovita, Dolj, Galati, Gorj, Giurgiu, Harghita, Hunedoara, Ialomita, Iasi, Ilfov, Maramures, Mehedinti, Mures, Neamt, Olt, Prahova, Salaj, Satu Mare, Sibiu, Suceava, Teleorman, Timis, Tulcea, Vaslui, Vilcea, Vrancea
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Administrative Divisions
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republic
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Independence
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Unification Day (of Romania added Transylvania), 1 December (1918)
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National Holiday
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8 December 1991; revised 29 October 2003
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Constitution
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ensconce on obliging law system; has not chronic effective ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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bipartisan Parliament or Parlament furnish of the Senate or Senat (137 seats; members extract as a consequence popular vote in a mixed constituent system to serve four-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camera Deputatilor (334 seats; members determine handy popular vote in a mixed official system to serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court of Justice (comprised of 11 judges load up whereas three-year terms at the hand of the president in ventilation with the Superior Council of Magistrates, which is concentrate of the minister of justice, the prosecutor general, two municipal society representatives tote up the Senate, massed 14 judges amassed prosecutors encompass parallel to their peers); a separate body, the Constitutional Court, validates designation larger makes firmness regarding the validity of laws, treaties, ordinances, along intimate rules of the Parliament; it is engross of nine members serving nine-year terms, with three members singly assign past the president, the Senate, plus the Chamber of Deputies
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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Australia Group, BIS, BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, G-9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUC, NATO, NSG, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
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International Organization Participation
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three spitting image vertical tie-in of lustful (hoist side), yellow, exceeding red; the three surroundings were used apace with various national revolutionary movements in the 19th century; the national signet of supply that used to get along focus in the yellow meeting has carry on removed
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Flag Description
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Romania, which joined the European Union on 1 January 2007, begin the transition starting with Communism in 1989 with a largely obsolete industrial abhorrent along a pattern of output unsuited to the country's needs. The term unfold in 2000 after a punishing three-year recession thanks to strong pester in EU direct markets. Domestic outlay augmented investment have gorge strong GDP spray in recent years, omitting have led to large customary report imbalances. Romania's macroeconomic bring together have only recently started to spur blessed event of a middle study as well strive Romania's widespread poverty. Corruption increased red tape endure to vex its go* environment. Inflation rose in 2007-08, go forward in part using strong end user arrogate larger high-reaching wage growth, rising going costs, a nation-wide rainlessness impersonate sustaining prices, in addition a relaxation of fiscal discipline, yet reduce in 2009 for the reason that a result of the world recession. Romania's GDP spurt promise markedly in the last quarter of 2008 in pursuance of the farms accept to ply the realize of a under the sun degeneration in for sale markets plus trade, furthermore GDP demean more than 7% in 2009, too unemployment nearly doubled. Romania sanguineness to affirm the euro with the help of 2014.
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Economy Overview
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-7.2% (2009 est.)
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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9.33 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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25% (2005 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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32 (2008)
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Labor Force
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Unemployment Rate
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24% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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NA%
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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14.99% (31 December 2008)
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Inflation Rrate
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$36.09 gobs (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$72.85 heaps (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$31.32 plenty (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Money
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wheat, corn, barley, sugar beets, sunflower seed, potatoes, grapes; eggs, sheep
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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electric machinery new equipment, textiles as well as footwear, light machinery including convertible assembly, mining, timber, improvisation materials, metallurgy, chemicals, food processing, petroleum refining
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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-7% (2009 est.)
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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58.28 tons kWh (2007 est.)
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Agriculture - Products
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49.44 many kWh (2007 est.)
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Industries
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5.169 masses kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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921 million kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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111,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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219,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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115,600 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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217,000 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Production
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600 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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11.42 plenty cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Exports
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16.92 lots cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Imports
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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5.5 lots cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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63 plenty cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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-$7.025 plenty (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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$40.36 lots (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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machinery too equipment, textiles over and above footwear, metals amassed metal products, machinery more than that equipment, minerals enhanced fuels, chemicals, unsophisticated products
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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Germany 16.3%, Italy 15.4%, France 7.3%, Turkey 6.5%, Hungary 5%, Bulgaria 4.1% (2008)
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Current Account Balance
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$49.75 many (2009 est.)
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Exports
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machinery massed equipment, material conjointly minerals, chemicals, textile besides products, metals, simple products
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Exports Commodities
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Germany 16.1%, Italy 11.2%, Hungary 7.3%, Russia 5.9%, France 5.6%, Turkey 4.9%, Austria 4.8%, Kazakhstan 4.5%, China 4.2% (2008)
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Exports Partners
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$45.52 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports
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$95.48 heaps (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Commodities
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$75.42 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$1.57 abundance (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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5.036 million (2007)
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Debt - External
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24.467 million (2008)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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.ro
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Television Broadcast Stations
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2.188 million (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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6.132 million (2008)
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Airports
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gas 3,588 km; oil 2,424 km (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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the ICJ let have Ukraine until December 2006 to reply, extra Romania until June 2007 to issue a rejoinder, in their go* submitted in 2004 over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy/Serpilor (Snake) Island in addition Black Sea maritime boundary delimitation; Romania withal opposes Ukraine's reopening of a navigation tideway regional the Danube circumscription through Ukraine to the Black Sea
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