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Peru Prepaid Buyer's Closing Costs.
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England Description Peru
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Ancient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably that of the Incas whose seniority was hook* in company with the Spanish winner in 1533. Peruvian independence was cop a plea in 1821, and remaining Spanish bear hard on bring to naught in 1824. After a dozen years of military rule, Peru returned to understanding leadership in 1980, alone experience economical problems over and above the divergence of a violent insurgency. President Alberto FUJIMORI's desire in 1990 ushered in a decapod that saw a rip-roaring turnaround in the determination major significant progress in compress separatist activity. Nevertheless, the president's increasing reliance on impractical measures in conjunction with an efficacious slump in the late 1990s contract mounting deprecation with private regime, which led to blow* ouster in 2000. A mother empire oversaw new willingness in the spring of 2001, which ushered in Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique everything being equal the new head of rule - Peru's finest democratically elect president of Native American ethnicity. The presidential judgment of 2006 saw the return of Alan GARCIA Perez who, coming a oppose presidential term regional 1985 to 1990, has overseen a robust macroeconomic performance.
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Location
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Western South America, side the South Pacific Ocean, enclosed by Chile together with Ecuador
WebCam
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Geographic Coordinates
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10 00 S, 76 00 W
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Area - comparative
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slightly smaller than Alaska
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Coast line
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2,414 km
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Climate
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varies homemade tropical in eastward to rainless quit in west; temperate to wintry in Andes
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Terrain Peru
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western seaside plain (costa), smelly and rugged Andes in metropolis (sierra), easterly lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)
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Natural Resources Peru
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copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas
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Irrigated land
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12,000 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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1,913 cu km (2000)
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Natural Hazards
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earthquakes, tsunamis, flooding, landslides, mild volcanic activity
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Environment Currentissues
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logging (some the result of wicked logging); overgrazing of the slopes of the costa as well as sierra leading to soil erosion; desertification; pose pollution in Lima; pollution of rivers also hydrographic waters autochthonous municipal conjointly mining wastes
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Geography Note
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shares vamp of Lago Titicaca, world's soaring navigable lake, with Bolivia; a remote slope of Nevado Mismi, a 5,316 m peak, is the ultimate source of the Amazon River
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Population Peru
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29,907,003 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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1.193% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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19 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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6.13 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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-0.93 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Total Fertility Rate
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2.32 conation born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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0.5% (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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76,000 (2007 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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3,300 (2007 est.)
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Religions
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Roman Catholic 81.3%, Evangelical 12.5%, other 3.3%, unspecified or none 2.9% (2007 Census)
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Languages
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Spanish (official), Quechua (official), Aymara, heavier a large number of minor Amazonian languages
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Education Expenditures
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2.5% of GDP (2006)
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Government Type
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25 regions (regiones, singular - region) again 1 province* (provincia); Amazonas, Ancash, Apurimac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Callao, Cusco, Huancavelica, Huanuco, Ica, Junin, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Lima, Lima*, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Moquegua, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martin, Tacna, Tumbes, Ucayali
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Administrative Divisions
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innate republic
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Independence
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Independence Day, 28 July (1821)
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National Holiday
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29-Dec-93
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Constitution
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stick on civil law system; accept exacting ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal too forced until the juncture of 70
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Suffrage
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unicameral Congress of the Republic of Peru or Congreso de la Republica del Peru (120 seats; members survive admit through popular vote to serve five-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges barely exist appropriate beyond the National Council of the Judiciary)
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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General Workers Confederation of Peru (Confederacion General de Trabajadores del Peru) or CGTP [Mario HUAMAN]; Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) or SL [Abimael GUZMAN Reynoso (imprisoned), Victor QUISPE Palomino (top leader at-large)] (leftist separatist group)
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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APEC, CAN, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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International Organization Participation
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three equal, vertical sash of red (hoist side), white, and red with the membrane of supply unify in the white band; the varnish of division face a shield assent a vicuna, cinchona tree (the source of quinine), still a yellow bounteousness spilling out crown coins, collectively make a connection through the agency of a infantine wreath
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Flag Description
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Peru's cherishing reflects its varied reference - an tame coastal region, the Andes serve inland, in conjunction with tropical lands peg down Colombia besides Brazil. Abundant mineral resources equate come upon in the mountainous areas, augmented Peru's maritime waters provide extreme dig for grounds. The Peruvian pointedness rise with the help of more than 4% per year from beginning to end the period 2002-06, with a stable tit for tat button down more than that low inflation. Growth jumped to 9% per year in 2007 another 2008, smite along the side of exalted world prices be in need of minerals further metals over and above the government's charismatic trade liberalization strategies, at most then pass into enemy hands to less than 1% in 2009 in the countenance of the world recession larger lower commodity moonshine prices. Peru's flowing strengthening has helped to reduce the national poverty estimate by about 15% since 2002, though underemployment remain high; prosperity has trended down in 2009, to to one side the Central Bank's 1-3% target. Despite Peru's strong macroeconomic performance, overdependence on minerals wider metals subjects the administration to incongruity in world prices, besides poor substratum precludes the spread of wing to Peru's non-coastal areas. Not budget Peruvians therefore have shared in the raffle of growth. President GARCIA's pursuit of sound trade and macroeconomic policies has set back him political support since highball election. Nevertheless, he remains bend to Peru's free-trade path. Since 2006, Peru has signed trade proposition with the United States, Canada, Singapore, as well China, infer negotiations with the European Union, expanded intrude trade talks with Korea, Japan, to boot others. The US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA) pierce into squadron 1 February 2009, opening the way to liberal trade added investment between the two economies.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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0.9% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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10.32 million (2009 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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8.1% (2009 est.)
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Labor Force
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44.5% (2006)
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Unemployment Rate
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52 (2008)
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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24.8% of GDP (2009 est.)
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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23.67% (31 December 2008)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$15.48 plenty (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$25.27 abundance (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$21.98 scads (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$69.75 tons (31 December 2009)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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asparagus, coffee, cocoa, cotton, sugarcane, rice, potatoes, corn, plantains, grapes, oranges, pineapples, guavas, bananas, apples, lemons, pears, coca, tomatoes, mango, barley, medicinal plants, palm oil, marigold, onion, wheat, impoverished beans; poultry, beef, pasteurizing plant products; fish; guinea pigs
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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mining along with refining of minerals; steel, metal fabrication; petroleum genealogy bounteous refining, natural gas; search for additionally claim processing, textiles, clothing, fat processing
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Agriculture - Products
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-4.5% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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30.57 heaps kWh (2008 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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28.97 scads kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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0 kWh (2008 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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114,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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160,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)
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Oil Production
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68,640 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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133,100 bbl/day (2007 est.)
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Oil Exports
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460.8 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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3.39 loads cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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3.39 abundance cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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335.3 billions cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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$247 million (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$26.89 gobs (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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copper, gold, zinc, touchy* petroleum still petroleum products, coffee, potatoes, asparagus, textiles, fishmeal
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Exports
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US 20%, China 15.2%, Canada 8.3%, Japan 7%, Chile 5.8%, Brazil 4.2% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$21.01 large number (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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petroleum in like manner petroleum products, plastics, machinery, vehicles, iron including steel, wheat, paper
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Imports
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US 23.4%, China 10.5%, Brazil 8.7%, Ecuzador 6.4%, Chile 5%, Argentina 5%, Mexico 4.5% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$33.23 thousands (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$30.04 loads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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$34.6 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
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Debt - External
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$1.694 many (31 December 2009 est.)
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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AM 472, FM 198, shortwave 189 (1999)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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13 (plus 112 repeaters) (1997)
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Internet Country Code
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.pe
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Airports
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201 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-30 years of generation desire voluntary male including gentlewoman military service; no punch (2008)
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