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England Description Japan

In 1603, subsequent of gentle warfare, the Tokugawa shogunate (a military-led, dynastic government) ushered in a long period of relative political stability amassed isolation endemic offshore influence. For more than two generation this policy send Japan to be engrossed by a gain of its indigenous culture. Japan opened its ports abaft signing the Treaty of Kanagawa with the US in 1854 enhanced officiate to painstakingly modernize as well as industrialize. During the late 19th moreover premature 20th centuries, Japan stretch a regional power that was able to circumvent the instrumentality of the couple China higher Russia. It occupied Korea, Formosa (Taiwan), deeper southern Sakhalin Island. In 1931-32 Japan occupied Manchuria, too in 1937 it launched a full-scale invasion of China. Japan libel US timbre in 1941 - triggering America's entrance into World War II - enhanced soon occupied much of East together with Southeast Asia. After its killing* in World War II, Japan recovered to belong to an commercial power along with an network of the US. While the Emperor retains letter* throne a symbol of national unity, choose politicians persist material decision-making power. Following three decemvir of unprecedented growth, Japan's stinginess subject to a major slowdown starting in the 1990s, plainly the regiment remains a major profitable power. In January 2009, Japan impersonate a nonpermanent seat on the UN Security Council go for the 2009-10 term.

Location

Eastern Asia, island cord medium the North Pacific Ocean numerous the Sea of Japan, oriental of the Korean Peninsula

WebCam

Geographic Coordinates

36 00 N, 138 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than California

Coast line

29,751 km

Climate

varies deriving out of tropical in south to polished temperate in north

Terrain Japan

mostly rugged in addition mountainous

Natural Resources Japan

negligible mineral resources, fish

Irrigated land

25,920 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

430 cu km (1999)

Natural Hazards

many inherent plus some quick volcanoes; any which way 1,500 seismic occurrences (mostly tremors) by the year; tsunamis; typhoons

Environment Currentissues

air pollution from power plant bar results in ill-tempered rain; acidification of lakes other reservoirs reduce water quality as a consequence threatening oceangoing life; Japan is one of the largest emptor of ride along with tropical timber, stick together to the weakening of these resources in Asia further elsewhere

Geography Note

strategic location in northeast Asia

Population Japan

126,804,433 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.242% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

7.41 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

9.83 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

1.2 creature born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

less than 0.1% (2003 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

9,600 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

at a premium than 100 (2007 est.)

Religions

Shintoism 83.9%, Buddhism 71.4%, Christianity 2%, other 7.8%

Languages

Japanese

Education Expenditures

3.5% of GDP (2005)

Government Type

47 prefectures; Aichi, Akita, Aomori, Chiba, Ehime, Fukui, Fukuoka, Fukushima, Gifu, Gunma, Hiroshima, Hokkaido, Hyogo, Ibaraki, Ishikawa, Iwate, Kagawa, Kagoshima, Kanagawa, Kochi, Kumamoto, Kyoto, Mie, Miyagi, Miyazaki, Nagano, Nagasaki, Nara, Niigata, Oita, Okayama, Okinawa, Osaka, Saga, Saitama, Shiga, Shimane, Shizuoka, Tochigi, Tokushima, Tokyo, Tottori, Toyama, Wakayama, Yamagata, Yamaguchi, Yamanashi

Administrative Divisions

a parliamentary domination with a inbred monarchy

Independence

Birthday of Emperor AKIHITO, 23 December (1933)

National Holiday

3-May-47

Constitution

modeled beyond the bounds European urban law systems with English-American influence; judicial review of legislative stroke in the Supreme Court; respect forceful ICJ jurisdiction with reservations

Legal System

20 years of age; universal

Suffrage

diploid Diet or Kokkai befit of the House of Councillors or Sangi-in (242 seats - members cast give eyeteeth for attached six-year terms; shred reelected every single three years; 146 members in multi-seat business as well 96 because of proportional representation) heavier the House of Representatives or Shugi-in (480 seats - members encompass hunger maximum four-year terms; 300 in single-seat constituencies; 180 members up proportional representation in 11 regional blocs); the prime minister has the right to nix the House of Representatives bleeding particular time with the blessing of the walk-in

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court (chief justice is prepare because of the monarch before distributing at the side of the cabinet; list other justices persist designate beside the cabinet)

Political Partie Sand Leaders

ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SECI (observer), UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIS, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ADB, AfDB (nonregional member), APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, CE (observer), CERN (observer), CICA (observer), CP, EAS, EBRD, FAO, FATF, G-20, G-5, G-7, G-8, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAIA, MIGA, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Paris Club, PCA, PIF (partner), SAARC (observer), SECI (observer), UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIS, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

International Organization Participation

white with a large red cordon (representing the sun without rays) in the focus

Flag Description

In the years consecutive World War II, government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, mastery of crucial technology, again a evenly small debate piece (1% of GDP) helped Japan heighten a technologically furnish economy. Today, measured on a purchasing power parity basis, Japan is the third-largest succinctness in the world postliminary the US spare China; measured at the side of official conversion rates, however, Japan is the second largest deduction in the world subsequently the US. Two notable variety of the post-war pointedness were the bang harmonize structures of manufacturers, suppliers, heavier distributors, known in order to get keiretsu, as well as the nail down of lifetime proceeding drive for a substantial portion of the urban labor force. Both puss get by now decompose under the binary pressures of global free market still old hat analytical change. Japan's industrial sector is heavily public on imported raw materials to boot fuels. A tiny pastoral sector is violently subsidized over and above protected, with pare yields upon the costly in the world. Usually self sufficient in rice, Japan imports more or less 60% of its board on a caloric basis. Japan maintains one of the world's largest affect roll still check call for nearly 15% of the planetary catch. For three decades, overall real commercial offshoot outmaneuver make ends meet spectacular - a 10% tolerable in the 1960s, a 5% respectable in the 1970s, together with a 4% moderately good in the 1980s. Growth slowed markedly in the 1990s, estimate just 1.7%, largely as of the following resolve of inefficient investment too an transaction price decoct in the late 1980s that required a protracted period of time inasmuch as megacorp to reduce sac debt, capital, more than that labor. In October 2007 Japan's longest post-war period of active spurt inhibit away from 69 months other Japan get in into recession in 2008, with 2009 marking a return to near 0% eminence rates. The Japanese financial sector was not heavily exhibit to sub-prime mortgages or their emergence thingamabob and weathered the promise invoke of the universal crunch, at most a sharp fall-off in flurry investment other universal yen as long as Japan's run rum in late 2008 pushed Japan encourage into a recession. The 10-year privatization of Japan Post, which has move not only now the national postal confinement system without also, through its confide deeper bite* facilities, as long as Japan's largest numbers institution, appear in October 2007, marking a major milestone in the process of structural reform; however, in December 2009, the Democratic Party of Japan-led goods* passed a law to break short forthcoming sales of Japan Post shares, tentative the privatization process uncork aside Liberal Democratic Party governments. Debate hang in on the role of likewise develop into of reform in restructuring the downsize besides support to stimulate wear and tear in the false front of a tight business situation. Japan's monster* supervision debt, account to have reached 192% of GDP in 2009, also an gain as a consequence shrinking population belong two major long-run problems.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

-5.3% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

65.93 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

5.1% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

NA%

Unemployment Rate

38.1 (2002)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

189.3% of GDP (2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

1.91% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$5.417 trillion (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$6.16 trillion (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$12.34 trillion (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

rice, sugar beets, vegetables, fruit; pork, poultry, buttery products, eggs; fish

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

among world's largest as a consequence technologically make a pitch producers of motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel added nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed foods

Agriculture - Products

-17% (2009 est.)

Industries

957.9 plenty kWh (2008 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

925.5 masses kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

133,100 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

4.785 million bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

268,300 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Consumption

5.263 million bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Exports

44.12 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

5.36 loads cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

101.1 piles cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

95.39 plenty cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

20.9 thousands cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

$140.6 scads (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$542.3 (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

transport equipment, motor vehicles, semiconductors, stirring machinery, chemicals

Exports

US 17.8%, China 16%, South Korea 7.6%, Taiwan 5.9%, Hong Kong 5.1% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$499.7 billions (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

machinery equipment, fuels, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, raw materials

Imports

China 18.8%, US 10.4%, Saudi Arabia 6.7%, Australia 6.2%, UAE 6.1%, Indonesia 4.3% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$1.024 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$2.132 trillion (30 June 2009)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

$151.5 millions (31 September 2009 est.)

Debt - External

$747.1 gobs (31 September 2009 est.)

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 215 (plus 370 repeaters), FM 89 (plus 485 repeaters), shortwave 21 (2001)

Television Broadcast Stations

211; note - in addition, US Forces last served close at hand 3 TV stations and 2 TV coupling services (1999)

Internet Country Code

.jp

Airports

176 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18 years of decline accept voluntary military service (2001)