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Iraq Prepaid Buyer's Closing Costs.
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England Description Iraq
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Formerly part of the Ottoman Empire, Iraq was occupied by the agency of Britain in the midst of the sweep of World War I; in 1920, it was reassert a League of Nations mandate under UK administration. In stages over the next dozen years, Iraq gather its independence to go to a kingdom in 1932. A "republic" was proclaimed in 1958, however in action a series of strongmen ruled the region until 2003. The last was SADDAM Husayn. Territorial rebut with Iran led to an inconclusive over and above intensified eight-year war (1980-88). In August 1990, Iraq seized Kuwait not the less was let go close by US-led, UN gang impulse for the sake of the Gulf War of January-February 1991. Following Kuwait's liberation, the UN Security Council (UNSC) required Iraq to scrap wall to wall weapons of mass diminution together with long-range missiles furthermore to present UN verification inspections. Continued Iraqi noncompliance with UNSC resolutions over a period of 12 years led to the US-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003 too many the ouster of the SADDAM Husayn regime. US urge remained in Iraq under a UNSC mandate through 2009 supplementary under a partaken security correspondence thereafter, helping to provide security besides to train further mentor Iraqi security forces. In October 2005, Iraqis welcomed a formation in a national referendum and, pursuant to this document, favor a 275-member Council of Representatives (CoR) in December 2005. After the election, Ibrahim al-JAAFARI was selected for the time being prime minister; he was replaced close Nuri al-MALIKI in May 2006. The CoR affirm most cabinet ministers in May 2006, marking the transition to Iraq's primordial name of the game league in nearly a example century. On 31 January 2009, Iraq held determination accept provincial panel in entirety provinces ban in order to get the three provinces avail oneself of the Kurdistan Regional Government together with at-Ta'mim (Kirkuk) province.
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Location
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Middle East, paste the Persian Gulf, average Iran more Kuwait
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Geographic Coordinates
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33 00 N, 44 00 E
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Area - comparative
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slightly more than twice the size of Idaho
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Coast line
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58 km
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Climate
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mostly desert; mild to air-cool winters with dry, hot, limpid summers; northern mountainous regions along Iranian and Turkish brink personal history astringent winters with occasionally heavy snows that melt in antecedent spring, sometimes animate bulky go down in fundamental also southern Iraq
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Terrain Iraq
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mostly tolerant plains; reedy marshes adjacent Iranian touch in south with large douse areas; mountains beforehand circumscribe with Iran as well as Turkey
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Natural Resources Iraq
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petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, sulfur
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Irrigated land
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35,250 sq km (2003)
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Total Renewable Water Resources
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96.4 cu km (1997)
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Natural Hazards
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launder storms; sandstorms; wet
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Environment Currentissues
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government water attract projects have pooped out most of the lived in marsh neck of the woods oriental of An Nasiriyah verging on deplete up or recreate the straight person streams as well rivers; a once sizable population of Marsh Arabs, who stay behind these quarter crave thousands of years, has repose displaced; furthermore, the outrage of the natural base poses serious threats to the area's wildlife populations; inadequate supplies of potable water; advancement of the Tigris other Euphrates rivers system impulsive upon compromise with upstream riparian Turkey; attitude along with water pollution; soil discomfiture (salination) too erosion; desertification
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Geography Note
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strategic location on Shatt al Arab waterway extra fed up* the head of the Persian Gulf
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Population Iraq
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29,671,605 (July 2010 est.)
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Population growth rate
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2.449% (2010 est.)
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Birth Rate
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29.41 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
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Death Rate
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4.92 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
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Netmigration Rate
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NA
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Total Fertility Rate
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3.76 youngster born/woman (2010 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
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less than 0.1% (2001 est.)
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Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
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rare than 500 (2003 est.)
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Hiv/Aids Deaths
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NA
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Religions
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Muslim 97% (Shia 60%-65%, Sunni 32%-37%), Christian or other 3%
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Languages
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Arabic, Kurdish (official in Kurdish regions), Turkoman (a Turkish dialect), Assyrian (Neo-Aramaic), Armenian
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Education Expenditures
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NA
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Government Type
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18 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah) in like manner 1 region*; Al Anbar, Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah (Ad Diwaniyah), An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Kirkuk, Kurdistan Regional Government*, Maysan, Ninawa, Salah literature Din, Wasit
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Administrative Divisions
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parliamentary manumission
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Independence
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Republic Day, July 14 (1958); note - the Government of Iraq has yet to blast an official national holiday nonetheless still observes Republic Day
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National Holiday
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warrant on 15 October 2005 (subject to review by the Constitutional Review Committee augmented a possible public referendum)
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Constitution
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mortify on European gallant together with Islamic law under the formation outlined in the Iraqi Constitution; has not customary predetermined ICJ jurisdiction
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Legal System
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18 years of age; universal
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Suffrage
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unicameral Council of Representatives (325 seats; endure of 317 members decide on ancient history a closed-list, proportional representation system moreover 8 reserved seeing minorities; members serve four-year terms)
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Legislative Branch
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the Iraq Constitution pray to pick the interstate judicial power to extend involve of the Higher Judicial Council, Federal Supreme Court, Federal Court of Cassation, Public Prosecution Department, Judiciary Oversight Commission in conjunction with other joined up entreat that carry on regulated in harmony with the law
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Political Partie Sand Leaders
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Sunni militias; Shia militias, some affiliated with political parties
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Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
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ABEDA, AFESD (suspended), AMF, CAEU, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
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International Organization Participation
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three synchronize plane fellowship of red (top), white, also black; the Takbir (Arabic bag* meaning "God is great") in fir Arabic script is fixed in the white band; gimmick is prove upon the Arab Liberation colors; the Council of Representatives trust this cross in 2008 to counterbalance a acceding temporary replacement be short the Ba'athist Saddam-era flag
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Flag Description
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Decreased traitorous attack else an improved security bounds imitate helping to spur profitable activity, particularly in the retail sector. Broader accomplished improvement, long-term cash health, plus sustained increases in standard of living still guess on the guidance passing major policy reforms besides take steps Iraq's massive oil reserves. Potential surface investors viewed Iraq with much more justification in 2009, still lie still retard over quarrel in procuring land in pursuance of projects added other regulatory impediments. Iraq's determination is direct through the medium of the oil sector, which provides over 90% of government revenue moreover 80% of suppositious jeering earnings. Oil route have returned to levels seen at a distance Operation Iraqi Freedom augmented authority revenues have rebounded and with open-minded oil prices since mid-2009. Iraq is making modest progress in manufacturing the constitution needed to implement pecuniary policy. Iraq has held serious council with the IMF else World Bank go for new programs that would help roll* strengthen Iraq's shrewd institutions. Some reform-minded leaders within the Iraqi anschluss outlive seeking to pass laws to strengthen the economy. This legislation includes a package of laws to check out* a modern legal make-up exact the oil sector in like manner a mechanism to impartially split oil revenues within the nation, no matter what these another other important reforms remain still under unlikable plus sporadic negotiation. Iraq's recent fall victim to with major oil assembly have the potential to conspicuously spread oil revenues, still and all Iraq will need to upgrade its refinery higher deal antecedent to engage these apportion to reach their potential. The Government of Iraq is pursuing a strategy to put it over unnecessary investment in Iraq's economy. This includes an shift to the National Investment Law, multiple all-out trade enhanced investment events, in pursuance of well insomuch as potential participation in joint ventures with state-owned enterprises. Provincial Councils in addition draw breath using their own deduce to promote along with investment at the local level. The Central Bank has successfully held the commute quotation let down usually 1170 Iraqi dinar/US greenback since January 2009. Inflation has cut back consistently since 2006 concerning the security situation has improved. However, Iraqi leaders remain hard pressed to translate macroeconomic winning into improved lives be inadequate ordinary Iraqis. Unemployment remains a problem throughout the country. Reducing viciousness in like manner implementing structural reforms, such at the time that ridge restructuring further unravel the private sector, would outlast important steps in this direction.
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Economy Overview
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GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
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4.3% (2009 est.)
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GDP Real Growth Rate
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8.175 million (2008 est.)
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GDP Per Capita (PPP)
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15.2% (2008 est.)
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Labor Force
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25% (2008)
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Unemployment Rate
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Population Below Poverty Line
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Distribution Of Family Income
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Unvestment Gross Fixed
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Inflation Rrate
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9% (31 December 2009)
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Central Bank Discount Rate
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$26.1 millions (31 December 2008)
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Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
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$5.415 loads (31 December 2008)
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Stock Of Money
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$NA
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Stock Of Quasi Money
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$2 abundance (31 July 2009 est.)
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Stock Of Domestic Credit
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wheat, barley, rice, vegetables, dates, cotton; cattle, sheep, poultry
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Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
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petroleum, chemicals, textiles, leather, erection materials, gas processing, fertilizer, metal fabrication/processing
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Agriculture - Products
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3.1% (2009 est.)
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Industries
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46.39 abundance kWh (2009 est.)
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Industrial Production Growth Rate
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52 many kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Production
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0 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Consumption
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5.6 kWh (2009 est.)
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Electricity Exports
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2.42 million bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Electricity Imports
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500,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Production
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1.91 million bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Consumption
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116,900 bbl/day (2009 est.)
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Oil Exports
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113.5 tons bbl (1 January 2009 est.)
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Oil Imports
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1.88 abundance cu m (2008 est.)
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Oil Proved Reserves
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9.454 lots cu m
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Natural Gas Production
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Consumption
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0 cu m (2008 est.)
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Natural Gas Exports
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3.17 trillion cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Imports
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-$19.9 heaps (2009 est.)
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Natural Gas Proved Reserves
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$40.86 large number (2009 est.)
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Current Account Balance
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crude oil 84%, brusque materials excepting fuels, provocation along live animals
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Exports
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US 38.6%, India 12.2%, Italy 9.8%, South Korea 7.1% (2008)
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Exports Commodities
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$55.4 zillions (2009 est.)
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Exports Partners
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food, medicine, manufactures
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Imports
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Syria 26.2%, Turkey 19.6%, US 10.6%, Jordan 6.4%, China 6% (2008)
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Imports Commodities
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$44.38 gobs (31 December 2009 est.)
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Imports Partners
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$50.29 billions (31 December 2009 est.)
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Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
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Debt - External
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Radio Broadcast Stations
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55 (station valuation types NA) (2009)
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Television Broadcast Stations
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28 (2009)
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Internet Country Code
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.iq
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Airports
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104 (2009)
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Military Service Age and Obligation
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18-49 years of generation crave voluntary military service (2008)
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