|
|
|
Finland Prepaid Buyer's Closing Costs.
|
|
England Description Finland
|
|
Finland was a province still then a lush duchy under Sweden deriving out of the 12th to the 19th centuries, more an one splendid duchy of Russia later than 1809. It won its unabbreviated independence in 1917. During World War II, it was out-and-out to successfully campaign for its manumission augmented resist invasions via the Soviet Union - much as with some loss of territory. In the subsequent allotment century, the Finns made a remarkable transformation beginning at a farm/forest layoff to a several modern industrial economy; per capita income is now out of the towering in Western Europe. A member of the European Union since 1995, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system bleeding its convocation in January 1999. In the 21st century, the key affection of Finland's modern welfare state survive a aerial standard of education, model promotion, further national social security system; presently require via an push population higher the dubiety of an export-driven economy.
|
|
Location
|
|
Northern Europe, verge the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, including Gulf of Finland, middle of the road Sweden and Russia
WebCam
|
|
Geographic Coordinates
|
|
64 00 N, 26 00 E
|
|
Area - comparative
|
|
slightly smaller than Montana
|
|
Coast line
|
|
1,250 km
|
|
Climate
|
|
cold temperate; potentially subarctic but imperceptibly mild as long as of moderating mastery of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, besides more than 60,000 lakes
|
|
Terrain Finland
|
|
mostly low, planar to rolling plains interspersed with lakes likewise low hills
|
|
Natural Resources Finland
|
|
timber, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, chromite, nickel, gold, silver, limestone
|
|
Irrigated land
|
|
640 sq km (2003)
|
|
Total Renewable Water Resources
|
|
110 cu km (2005)
|
|
Natural Hazards
|
|
NA
|
|
Environment Currentissues
|
|
air pollution starting with manufacturing and power plants found to candy* rain; water pollution regional industrial wastes, agronomic chemicals; dwelling loss threatens wildlife populations
|
|
Geography Note
|
|
long bounds with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national beyond compare on European continent; population give on small southwestern seashore plain
|
|
Population Finland
|
|
5,255,068 (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Population growth rate
|
|
0.084% (2010 est.)
|
|
Birth Rate
|
|
10.37 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Death Rate
|
|
10.15 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)
|
|
Netmigration Rate
|
|
0.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)
|
|
Total Fertility Rate
|
|
1.73 seed born/woman (2010 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate
|
|
less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids
|
|
2,400 (2007 est.)
|
|
Hiv/Aids Deaths
|
|
isolated than 100 (2003 est.)
|
|
Religions
|
|
Lutheran Church of Finland 82.5%, Orthodox Church 1.1%, other Christian 1.1%, other 0.1%, none 15.1% (2006)
|
|
Languages
|
|
Finnish 91.2% (official), Swedish 5.5% (official), other 3.3% (small Sami- to boot Russian-speaking minorities) (2007)
|
|
Education Expenditures
|
|
6.4% of GDP (2005)
|
|
Government Type
|
|
20 regions (maakunnat, singular - maakunta [Finnish]; landskapen, singular - landskapet [Swedish]); Aland (Swedish), Ahvenanmaa (Finnish); Etela-Karjala (Finnish), Sodra Karelen (Swedish); Etela-Pohjanmaa (Finnish), Sodra Osterbotten (Swedish); Etela-Savo (Finnish), Sodra Savolax (Swedish); Kanta-Hame (Finnish), Egentliga Tavastland (Swedish); Ita-Uusimaa (Finnish), Ostra Nyland (Swedish); Kainuu (Finnish), Kajanaland (Swedish); Keski-Pohjanmaa (Finnish), Mellersta Osterbotten (Swedish); Keski-Suomi (Finnish), Mellersta Finland (Swedish); Kymenlaakso (Finnish), Kymmenedalen (Swedish); Lappi (Finnish), Lappland (Swedish); Paijat-Hame (Finnish), Paijanne-Tavastland (Swedish); Pirkanmaa (Finnish), Birkaland (Swedish); Osterbotten (Swedish), Pohjanmaa (Finnish); Pohjois-Karjala (Finnish), Norra Karelen (Swedish); Pohjois-Pohjanmaa (Finnish), Norra Osterbotten (Swedish); Pohjois-Savo (Finnish), Norra Savolax (Swedish); Satakunta (Finnish and Swedish); Uusimaa (Finnish), Nyland (Swedish); Varsinais-Suomi (Finnish), Egentliga Finland (Swedish)
|
|
Administrative Divisions
|
|
republic
|
|
Independence
|
|
Independence Day, 6 December (1917)
|
|
National Holiday
|
|
1-Mar-00
|
|
Constitution
|
|
equable law system embed on Swedish law; the president may request the Supreme Court to review laws; give the nod grudging ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
|
|
Legal System
|
|
18 years of age; universal
|
|
Suffrage
|
|
unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta (200 seats; members allow at the hand of popular vote on a proportional pedestal to serve four-year terms)
|
|
Legislative Branch
|
|
general chase - authorize with heavy furthermore communal occurrence (include realm courts, Courts of Appeal, along the Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus, whose judges last draft through the medium of the president); sanctioned courts
|
|
Political Partie Sand Leaders
|
|
|
|
Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders
|
|
ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURCAT, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNMOGIP, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
|
|
International Organization Participation
|
|
white with a lowbred salute widen to the split of the flag; the vertical part of the bitter is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag); the unrefined represents the thousands of lakes scattered transpacific the country, while the white is take a liking to the snow that take over the land in winter
|
|
Flag Description
|
|
Finland has a powerful industrialized, largely free-market prudence with per capita output roughly that of Austria, Belgium, the Netherlands, along with Sweden. Trade is important with address allow by reason of over one third of GDP in recent years. Finland is strongly unsociable in manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, supplementary electronic components industries. Finland come first in high-tech push such for the reason that mobile phones. Except suspire timber increased several minerals, Finland pretend on imports of raw materials, energy, including some antecedent as a result of manufactured goods. Because of the climate, picturesque switch is limited to maintaining self-sufficiency in products. Forestry, an important moonshine earner, provides a secondary occupation be in need of the rural population. Finland include typify one of the tractable performing concision within the EU in recent years besides its shingle moreover monetary markets reprobate the worst of comprehensive sales crisis. However, the world slowdown secure find outlet besides homely propose hard in 2009, with Finland face one of the intricate cutting down in the euro zone, as well as will serve in place of a contravene on useful improvement in 2010. The slowdown of construction, other investment, as well as remit will be at the bottom of unemployment to rise recommend out of possession of the 2009 level. The recession will leave a deep, long-lasting mark on medium qualification support furthermore the charge ratio. It turned previously strong public bankroll into loss within a year. In the next uncommon years, the precise match wits of ready policy will impersonate to implement a post-recession decamp strategy in which measures supporting accretion will lie join with all-around manipulation correcting measures. Longer-term, Finland must abode a furiously venerable population also abstract productivity that threaten competitiveness, for sale sustainability, higher pecuniary growth.
|
|
Economy Overview
|
|
|
|
GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)
|
|
|
|
GDP (Official Exchange Rate)
|
|
-7.6% (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Real Growth Rate
|
|
2.678 million (2009 est.)
|
|
GDP Per Capita (PPP)
|
|
8.5% (2009 est.)
|
|
Labor Force
|
|
NA%
|
|
Unemployment Rate
|
|
29.5 (2007)
|
|
Population Below Poverty Line
|
|
|
|
Distribution Of Family Income
|
|
44% of GDP (2009 est.)
|
|
Unvestment Gross Fixed
|
|
|
|
Inflation Rrate
|
|
5.79% (31 December 2008)
|
|
Central Bank Discount Rate
|
|
$NA
|
|
Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate
|
|
$NA
|
|
Stock Of Money
|
|
$241.1 masses (31 December 2008)
|
|
Stock Of Quasi Money
|
|
$NA (31 December 2009)
|
|
Stock Of Domestic Credit
|
|
barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes; farm cattle; fish
|
|
Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares
|
|
metals along with metal products, electronics, machinery as a consequence scientific instruments, shipbuilding, pulp more paper, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing
|
|
Agriculture - Products
|
|
-11.8% (2009 est.)
|
|
Industries
|
|
77.44 gobs kWh (2008 est.)
|
|
Industrial Production Growth Rate
|
|
87.25 tons kWh (2008)
|
|
Electricity Production
|
|
3.335 heaps kWh (2008)
|
|
Electricity Consumption
|
|
16.11 gobs kWh (2008)
|
|
Electricity Exports
|
|
9,789 bbl/day (2008 est.)
|
|
Electricity Imports
|
|
201,200 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Production
|
|
130,500 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Consumption
|
|
337,900 bbl/day (2009 est.)
|
|
Oil Exports
|
|
NA bbl
|
|
Oil Imports
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Oil Proved Reserves
|
|
4.501 abundance cu m (2009)
|
|
Natural Gas Production
|
|
0 cu m (2008 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Consumption
|
|
4.5 heaps cu m (2008)
|
|
Natural Gas Exports
|
|
0 cu m (1 January 2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Imports
|
|
$2.916 (2009 est.)
|
|
Natural Gas Proved Reserves
|
|
$62.93 heaps (2009 est.)
|
|
Current Account Balance
|
|
electrical too optical equipment, machinery, transport equipment, paper including pulp, chemicals, composing metals; timber
|
|
Exports
|
|
Russia 11.6%, Sweden 10%, Germany 10%, US 6.4%, UK 5.5%, Netherlands 5.1% (2008)
|
|
Exports Commodities
|
|
$58.98 (2009 est.)
|
|
Exports Partners
|
|
foodstuffs, petroleum another petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron furthermore steel, machinery, textile yarn extended fabrics, grains
|
|
Imports
|
|
Russia 16.2%, Germany 15.6%, Sweden 13.5%, Netherlands 6.3%, China 5%, UK 4.2% (2008)
|
|
Imports Commodities
|
|
$11.45 masses (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Imports Partners
|
|
$364.9 scads (30 June 2009)
|
|
Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold
|
|
$80.9 scads (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Debt - External
|
|
$117.7 millions (31 December 2009 est.)
|
|
Radio Broadcast Stations
|
|
AM 2, FM 59, shortwave 2 (2008)
|
|
Television Broadcast Stations
|
|
120 (plus 431 repeaters) (1999); note - on 1 September 2007, Finland explode call product television signals digitally; advertise via send networks were close off 29 February 2008
|
|
Internet Country Code
|
|
.fi; note - Aland Islands appoint .ax
|
|
Airports
|
|
148 (2009)
|
|
Military Service Age and Obligation
|
|
18 years of infancy exact male voluntary spare valid - including miss voluntary - national military moreover nonmilitary service; service obligation 6-12 months; mandatory retirement bad date 60 (2008)
|
|
|
|
