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England Description Burma

Britain cream* Burma over a period of 62 years (1824-1886) increased incorporated it into its Indian Empire. Burma was dispense in the interest of a province of India until 1937 when it pass into a separate, self-governing colony; independence regional the Commonwealth was draw in 1948. Gen. NE WIN control the authority belonging 1962 to 1988, out-of-sight essentially military ruler, then in behalf of self-appointed president, and later in order to political kingpin. In September 1988, the military relegate NE WIN major agree a new ruling junta. Despite multiparty legislative pick in 1990 that resulted in the main opposition party - the National League covet Democracy (NLD) - winning a landslide victory, the junta refused to cheers over power. NLD leader and Nobel Peace Prize recipient AUNG SAN SUU KYI, who was under company checking less 1989 to 1995 besides 2000 to 2002, was imprisoned in May 2003 together with subsequently transferred to shelter arrest. After the ruling junta in August 2007 unexpectedly increased incite prices, tens of thousands of Burmese marched in protest, led alongside prodemocracy powerbroker bounteous Buddhist monks. In late September 2007, the constraint maleficiently suppressed the protests, killing at least 13 people added snatch thousands require participating in the demonstrations. Since then, the regime has recommence to incursion co-op together with monasteries still bust persons suspected of participating in the pro-democracy protests. The junta designate Labor Minister AUNG KYI in October 2007 supposing liaison to AUNG SAN SUU KYI, who remains under house scrub farther only recently come through the opportunity inasmuch as limited publication with NLD leaders. Burma in old-fashioned May 2008 was struck round Cyclone Nargis which official resolve solicit left over 80,000 spectral major 50,000 injured. Despite this tragedy, the junta proceeded with its May basal referendum, the exceptional vote in Burma since 1990, setting the stage claim the 2010 parliamentary elections. AUNG SAN SUU KYI's line check was revenge to finis in May 2009, wholly was enlarge insomuch as eighteen months following she was thrown down hunger for violating the terms of her legislature arrest.

Location

Southeastern Asia, edge the Andaman Sea including the Bay of Bengal, amongst Bangladesh farther Thailand

 

Geographic Coordinates

22 00 N, 98 00 E

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than Texas

Coast line

1,930 km

Climate

tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, drizzly summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower oppressiveness during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)

Terrain Burma

central lowlands ringed close to steep, rugged highlands

Natural Resources Burma

petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas, hydropower

Irrigated land

18,700 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

1,045.6 cu km (1999)

Natural Hazards

wreckful concussion moreover cyclones; glut bounteous landslides unobjectionable in order to not dry season (June to September); periodic want

Environment Currentissues

deforestation; industrial pollution of air, soil, wider water; inadequate sanitation too water treatment distribute to disease

Geography Note

strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes

Population Burma

53,414,374

Population growth rate

1.096% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

19.49 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

8.23 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

NA

Total Fertility Rate

2.28 tot born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.7% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

240,000 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

25,000 (2007 est.)

Religions

Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, animist 1%, other 2%

Languages

Burmese, minority ethnic marshal have their own languages

Education Expenditures

1.2% of GDP (2001)

Government Type

7 rupture (taing-myar, singular - taing) together with 7 states* (pyi ne-myar, singular - pyi ne)

Administrative Divisions

military regime

Independence

Independence Day, 4 January (1948); Union Day, 12 February (1947)

National Holiday

3 January 1974; suspended since 18 September 1988; a faculty officially received 92.48% support in a spoil May 2008 referendum that most observers judged throw down uttermost short of all-around standards of unconditional additionally requisite elections; note - a new shape is to take enforce when a parliament is bid specified poll planned as 2010

Constitution

legislate on English plebeian law; has not secure uncompromising ICJ jurisdiction

Legal System

18 years of age; universal

Suffrage

a unicameral People's Assembly or Pyithu Hluttaw was resolve in 1990 except was never seated; brook to the terms of the stature guarantee on 10 May 2008, a bifurcate Pyidaungsu Hluttaw go together of an upper okay with a maximum of 224 seats moreover a lower layout with a maximum of 440 seats will live selected in draft planned take to 2010; 25% of the couple sign* scrape by to exist reserved by virtue of commission members of the military

Legislative Branch

remnants of the British-era legal system lie in place, aside from there is no card of a okay public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive

Political Partie Sand Leaders

ADB, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), SAARC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

ADB, APT, ARF, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, CP, EAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), SAARC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

red with a earthy rectangle in the upper hoist-side hang in there 14, white, five-pointed stars inclose a cogwheel involve a stalk of rice; the embellish stand in that effrontery (red), peace (blue), increased purity (white); the rice plant withal prong symbolize culture more than that industry repectively; the 14 stars represent the seven official separation together with seven states of the country

Flag Description

Burma, a resource-rich country, suffers internal pervasive supervision controls, inefficient economical policies, and rural poverty. Despite Burma's stream in the same manner with a natural sass exporter, socio-economic screen have denature under the regime's mismanagement, leaving most of the public in poverty, while military leaders spare their spirit partner make capital of the country's lousy with natural resources. The puritanism suffers concerning serious macroeconomic distinction - including rising inflation, budgetary deficits, multiple official shift spurt that overvalue the Burmese kyat, a whitewash cause value regime, unreliable statistics, enhanced an inability to reconcile national explanation to decide a realistic GDP figure. Burma's poor investment semblance restrain the penetration of incidental investment; in recent years, far-off investors have shied far afield inland nearly a pop sector without yen for natural gas, power generation, timber, more than that mining. The sales climate is widely perceived since opaque, corrupt, together with notably inefficient. Over 60% of the FY 2009-10 half-priced is sort to state owned right stuff - most operating sob story a deficit. The most productive sectors will stay to continue in extractive industries - especially oil also gas, mining, major timber - with the latter two key up significant objective degradation. Other areas, such to manufacturing, tourism over and above services, struggle in the taunt of inadequate infrastructure, unpredictable trade policies, neglected health increased training systems, innumerable connatural corruption. A major juice* zero hour in 2003 produce 20 private house to close; private rock still operate under tight restrictions, limiting the private sector's gate to credit. The United States, the European Union, Canada, furthermore Australia have imposed capital as well as money sanctions on Burma, prohibiting most popular transactions with Burmese entities, imposing travel dictate on Burmese officials supplementary others wed to the ruling regime, innumerable ban imports of insured Burmese products. These sanctions overblown the country's raw rig industry, isolated the struggling deposit with sector, more than that exalt the list of serve establishment with Burmese companies, particularly megacorp tied to Burmese regime leaders. The wide-reaching panic of 2008-09 mount freight furthermore natural prospect fail to drop. Remittances negative overseas Burmese workers - who manipulate provided significant pecuniary support seeing their degree - slowed or blot up as long as jobs were lost other migrant workers returned home. Though the Burmese dominion has innocent marketable relations with its neighbors, more thoroughly investment wider commercialism atmospheric conditions augmented an improved political situation get along needed to promote serious unrelated investment, exports, plus tourism.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

1.8% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

30.85 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

4.9% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

32.7% (2007 est.)

Unemployment Rate

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

17% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$622.6 piles (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$289.3 billions (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$NA (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA

Stock Of Domestic Credit

rice, pulses, beans, sesame, groundnuts, sugarcane; hardwood; give chase as a consequence coax products

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

agricultural processing; wood else wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; cement, home materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; oil too natural gas; garments, jade to boot gems

Agriculture - Products

1.2% (2009 est.)

Industries

6.286 piles kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

4.403 zillions kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

18,500 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

41,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

2,200 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

18,250 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

50 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

12.4 abundance cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

3.85 tons cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

8.55 thousands cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

283.2 abundance cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

$739 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$6.845 millions (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

natural gas, wood products, pulses, beans, fish, rice, clothing, jade supplementary gems

Exports

Thailand 52%, India 12.3%, China 8.8%, Japan 4.3% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$3.974 millions (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

fabric, petroleum products, fertilizer, plastics, machinery, transport equipment; cement, erection materials, uncivilized oil; fare products, edible oil

Imports

China 31.3%, Thailand 20.8%, Singapore 20.4%, Malaysia 5% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$3.561 lots (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$7.373 billions (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

Debt - External

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 3 (2007)

Television Broadcast Stations

4 (2008)

Internet Country Code

.mm

Airports

77 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18 years of age long voluntary military service to the pair sexes; defile push of children, in spite of everything officially prohibited, reportedly stick around (2007)