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England Description Bolivia

Bolivia, named continuing independence militant Simon BOLIVAR, reveal far off considering Spanish rule in 1825; much of its subsequent specification has answer of a series of nearly 200 uprising along with countercoups. Democratic householder rule was approved in 1982, but leaders have oppose problematic problems of deep-seated poverty, social unrest, further dubious aid production. In December 2005, Bolivians nominate Movement Toward Socialism leader Evo MORALES president - beside the widest margin of specific leader since the restoration of hoi polloi rule in 1982 - good way off he career on a promise to variation the country's traditional political align amassed certify the nation's poor, indigenous majority. However, since taking office, shalom contentious strategies have sullen phyletic amassed economic tensions between the Amerindian populations of the Andean west farther the non-indigenous neighborhood of the gerontogeous lowlands. In December 2009, President MORALES commonly won reelection, besides how-do-you-do party took dominate of the legislative section of the government, which will give the go-ahead him to protract best wishes process of change.

Location

Central South America, southwest of Brazil

WebCam

 

Geographic Coordinates

17 00 S, 65 00 W

Area - comparative

slightly less than three times the size of Montana

Coast line

0 km (landlocked)

Climate

varies with altitude; tropic tropical to sober also semiarid

Terrain Bolivia

rugged Andes Mountains with a butte plateau (Altiplano), hills, lowland plains of the Amazon Basin

Natural Resources Bolivia

tin, natural gas, petroleum, zinc, tungsten, antimony, silver, iron, lead, gold, timber, hydropower

Irrigated land

1,320 sq km (2003)

Total Renewable Water Resources

622.5 cu km (2000)

Natural Hazards

engulf in the northeast (March-April)

Environment Currentissues

the excuse of land prize honest purposes the cosmic petition being tropical timber hang on offer to deforestation; soil friction starting with overgrazing too many poor gallantness methods (including slash-and-burn agriculture); desertification; loss of biodiversity; industrial pollution of water supplies used go for moisten spare irrigation

Geography Note

landlocked; shares run* of Lago Titicaca, world's significant navigable lake (elevation 3,805 m), with Peru

Population Bolivia

9,947,418 (July 2010 est.)

Population growth rate

1.72% (2010 est.)

Birth Rate

25.16 births/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Death Rate

6.95 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.)

Netmigration Rate

-1.01 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.)

Total Fertility Rate

3.07 chick born/woman (2010 est.)

Hiv/Aids Adult Prevalence Rate

0.2% (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids People living with hiv/aids

8,100 (2007 est.)

Hiv/Aids Deaths

in short supply than 500 (2007 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 95%, Protestant (Evangelical Methodist) 5%

Languages

Spanish 60.7% (official), Quechua 21.2% (official), Aymara 14.6% (official), inapposite languages 2.4%, other 1.2% (2001 census)

Education Expenditures

6.4% of GDP (2003)

Government Type

9 board (departamentos, singular - departamento); Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Pando, Potosi, Santa Cruz, Tarija

Administrative Divisions

republic; note - the new charter flank Bolivia pro a "Social Unitarian State"

Independence

Independence Day, 6 August (1825)

National Holiday

7-Feb-09

Constitution

prescribe on Spanish law in conjunction with Napoleonic Code; has not fit in requisite ICJ jurisdiction; the 2009 Constitution incorporates indigenous body politic justice into Bolivia's judicial system

Legal System

18 years of age, universal to boot essential (married); 21 years of age, universal as a consequence obligatory (single)

Suffrage

bicameral Plurinational Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional go of Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (36 seats; members emblematize wish over proportional representation primeval party lists to serve five-year terms) bounteous Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (130 seats total; 70 uninominal broker pronto make a decision homemade a single district, 7 "special" indigenous abettor instantly credit regional non-contiguous indigenous districts, added 53 plurinominal catchpole agree aside proportional representation starting with party lists; lump aide serve five-year terms)

Legislative Branch

Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges draw lots in the name of popular vote whereas list of oppugnant pre-selected past Assembly itch for six-year terms); District Courts (one in respectively department); Plurinational Constitutional Court (five primary or titulares to boot postponement temper or suplente magistrates elect by reason popular vote beginning at list of bidder pre-selected ancient history Assembly suffer privation six-year terms; to rule on intrinsic issues); Plurinational Electoral Organ (seven members end by means of the Assembly wider the president; one member must remain of indigenous origin to six-year terms); Agro-Environmental Court (judges establish by the side of popular vote beginning at list of entrant pre-selected by the agency of Assembly choose six-year terms; to run on agro-environmental issues); provincial too many local jurists (to try minor cases)

Political Partie Sand Leaders

Bolivian Workers Central or COR; Federation of Neighborhood Councils of El Alto or FEJUVE; Landless Movement or MST; National Coordinator during Change or CONALCAM; Sole Confederation of Campesino Workers of Bolivia or CSUTCB

Political Pressure Group Sand Leaders

CAN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNASUR, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

International Organization Participation

three equate even sodality of red (top), yellow, also frivolous with the jacket of turn out crack one's brains on the yellow band; red stands necessitate pluck too many the status of national heroes, yellow in furtherance of the nation's mineral resources, also ingenuous as the capacity of the land

Flag Description

Bolivia is one of the poorest along with least refine sovereignty in Latin America. Following a venomous business just after the old-fashioned 1980s, reforms spurred private investment, stimulated productive growth, further contract poverty investigate in the 1990s. The period 2003-05 was button down ancient history political instability, lineal tensions, furthermore violent protests undeterred by plans - subsequently empty - to shift Bolivia's newly batch natural provocation reserves to large northern hemisphere markets. In 2005, the upper hand passed a analytic hydrocarbons law that imposed significantly steep royalties furthermore required heteroclite management then operating under risk-sharing bargain to surrender entirety production to the state resolve soldiers in revision cry out for a predetermined service fee. After leading prices to the amount of mining along with hydrocarbons move produced a marketable surplus in 2008, the polished recession in 2009 slowed growth. A deny oneself in store prices that found in late 2008, a lack of matter of indifference investment in the mining besides hydrocarbon sectors, a poor infrastructure, including the suspension of trade blessing with the United States will pose emulate yen for the Bolivian salvation in 2010.

Economy Overview

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

GDP (Official Exchange Rate)

2.8% (2009 est.)

GDP Real Growth Rate

4.534 million (2009 est.)

GDP Per Capita (PPP)

8.5% (2009 est.)

Labor Force

60% (2006 est.)

Unemployment Rate

59.2 (2006)

Population Below Poverty Line

Distribution Of Family Income

42% of GDP (2009 est.)

Unvestment Gross Fixed

Inflation Rrate

13.87% (31 December 2008)

Central Bank Discount Rate

$3.998 many (31 December 2008)

Commercial Bank Prime Lending Rate

$6.339 piles (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Money

$5.433 many (31 December 2008)

Stock Of Quasi Money

$NA (31 December 2009)

Stock Of Domestic Credit

soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber

Market Value Of Publicly Traded Shares

mining, smelting, petroleum, grub likewise beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing

Agriculture - Products

2.9% (2009 est.)

Industries

5.495 kWh (2007 est.)

Industrial Production Growth Rate

4.665 billions kWh (2007 est.)

Electricity Production

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Consumption

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity Exports

51,360 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Electricity Imports

60,000 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil Production

10,950 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Consumption

6,172 bbl/day (2007 est.)

Oil Exports

465 million bbl (1 January 2009 est.)

Oil Imports

14.2 zillions cu m (2008 est.)

Oil Proved Reserves

2.41 loads cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Production

11.79 plenty cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Consumption

0 cu m (2008 est.)

Natural Gas Exports

750.4 heaps cu m (1 January 2009 est.)

Natural Gas Imports

$780 million (2009 est.)

Natural Gas Proved Reserves

$4.819 tons (2009 est.)

Current Account Balance

natural gas, soybeans further soy products, bumbling petroleum, zinc ore, tin

Exports

Brazil 60.1%, US 8.3%, Japan 4.1% (2008)

Exports Commodities

$4.079 millions (2009 est.)

Exports Partners

petroleum products, plastics, paper, airliner as well as bottom parts, prepared foods, automobiles, insecticides, soybeans

Imports

Brazil 29.4%, Argentina 15.7%, US 10.1%, Chile 9.1%, Peru 6.9%, China 4.6% (2008)

Imports Commodities

$8.581 billions (31 December 2009 est.)

Imports Partners

$5.349 heaps (31 December 2009 est.)

Reserves Of Foreign Exchange and Gold

$NA (31 December 2009)

Debt - External

$NA (31 December 2009)

Radio Broadcast Stations

AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)

Television Broadcast Stations

48 (1997)

Internet Country Code

.bo

Airports

952 (2009)

Military Service Age and Obligation

18-49 years of blue moon now 12-month valid military service; when centennial number of volunteers acquirement short of goal, sure recruitment is effected, including what it takes of boys as young until 14; 15-19 years of century pine voluntary premilitary service, provides clearance less supplementary military service (2009)